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Intrauterine Growth Retardation
Patterns
- asymmetrical
- foetal malnutrition leading to sparing of head growth at expense of
abdomen
- symmetrical
Causes / Associations
Maternal
- previous IUGR
- pregnancy-induced hypertension
- coexisiting maternal disease
- poor socioeconomic status
- smoking
- alcohol and drug abuse
- extremes of child-bearing age
Foetal
- structural abnormality
- chromosomal abnormality
- foetal infection
- multiple pregnancy
Complications
- increased perinatal mortality / morbidity
- later life
- cardiovascular disease
- type 2 diabetes
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