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- premalignant condition
- natural history of progression to
- seminoma
- embryonal cancer
- More common in
- infertility,
- intersex disorders,
- cryptorchidism,
- prior contralateral GCTs
- atrophic testes
- Most patients with seminomas (except spermatocytic seminoma) and NSGCTs have CIS or severe atypia associated with the primary
tumour
- In patients with GCTs, 5% of those with contralateral testes harbour CIS.
Investigations
- Testicular microcalcifications observed on scrotal ultrasonographic studies may suggest CIS.
Histology
- intratubular atypical germ cells within seminiferous tubules
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