Conn's Syndrome

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• Primary Aldosterone excess caused by adrenal adenoma (in zona glomerulosa)
• if unilateral then very small adenoma in young females
• if bilateral then rarely before 40 and more common in males
• leads to
  • renal retention of sodium and water
  • potassium loss
  • metabolic alkalosis

Presentation

• Hypertension
• Hypokalaemia

History

• muscle weakness
• nocturia
• tetany

Investigations

• Hypokalaemia
• Urinary potassium
• plasma aldosterone
• suppressed plasma renin (compared to secondary hyperaldosteronism)
• CT / MRI

Treatment

• surgical removal of adenoma
• spironolactone / amiloride
• calcium-channel blockers

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