Seizures

Recognised causes of seizures or epilepsy

• Febrile convulsions
• Irreversible brain damage
  • brain haemorrhage
  • asphyxia
• Defective cerebral development
• Infection
  • congenital infections
  • meningitis
• Metabolic
  • hypocalcaemia
  • hypoglycaemia
  • hyponatraemia
  • hypomagnesaemia
  • hypoxia
  • Inborn errors of metabolism
• Toxins
  • alcohol
  • tricyclic antidepressants
• Trauma
• Genetic
  • Down's syndrome
  • Tuberose sclerosis
• Brain tumours

Conditions mimicking epilepsy

• Faints
• Breath holding
  • blue = anger / frustration
  • white = reflex anoxic due to pain
• Cardiac
  • arrythmias
  • outflow obstruction
• Benign paroxysmal vertigo
• Paroxysmal torticollis
• Hypnogogic hallucination
• Narcolepsy
• Night terrors
• Nightmares
• Masturbation
• Tics
• Behaviour disorders
• Munchausen by proxy

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