Pneumonia

  • infection of lung, usually bacterial

Forms

Aetiology

  • dependent on whether
    • community or hospital acquired
    • pre-existing lung disease
    • environmental factors

Prognosis

  • respiratrory rate > 30
  • diastolic bp <60
  • renal dysfunction
    • ↑ urea
  • confusion
  • exhaustion
  • age
  • PaO2 <8.0
  • WCC <4 or >20
  • new Atrial Fibrillation

Investigations

  • fbc
  • U&E
  • liver function
  • ABGs
  • sputum cultures
  • blood cultures

Treatment

  • urgent antibiotics
    • amoxicillin + macrolide
  • oxygen
    • mask
    • CPAP
    • IPPV
  • hydration

Poor response

  • resistant organism
  • empyema / abscess
  • carcinoma
  • immunosupressed
  • TB
  • misdiagnosis
    • PE
    • pulmonary oedema
    • Wegener's granulomatosis
 

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