Histology of Rectum and Anus

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Rectum

  • dilated distal portion of alimentary cana;
  • similar to large intestine in having straight glands, many goblet cells
  • distinguished from rest of alimentary tract by transvers rectal folds

Anal Canal

  • anal glands ectend into submucosa and muscularis externa
    • branched
    • secrete mucus
  • stratified columnar epithelium becomes stratified squamous in distal portion
  • submucosa contains ramifications of superior rectal artery, venous plexus
  • longitudinal muscle forms one sheet
  • muscularis mucosae diasappears at rectoanal margin
  • circular layer of muscularis externa thickens to become internal anal sphincter
 

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