Diabetic Retinopathy

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Diabetic Retinopathy

History

• poor acuity
• blindness
• cataracts

Examination

• General 
  • BM stix marks on fingers
• Acuity
  • decreased due to 
    • macular damage
    • cataracts
• Fields
  • normal
  • Central Scotoma if macular damage
• Movements
  • Normal
  • VIth / partial IIIrd lesion 
• Fundi
  • Background
    • microaneurysms
    • blot haemorrhages
    • hard exudates
  • Pre-proliferative
    • microaneurysms
    • blot haemorrhages
    • hard exudates
    • soft exudates + flame haemorrhages &rarr ischaemia
  • Proliferative
    • above + new vessels
  • Treated Proliferative
    • + photocoagulation scars
      • pale &rarr new
      • pigmented &rarr old

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