Sacrum

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  • formed from 5 rudimentary vertebrae
    • fused to form single bone

Joints

  • upper border articulates with fifth lumbar vertebra
  • inferior border articulates with coccyx
  • lateral borders articulate with iliac bones
    • sacroiliac joints

Parts

  • sacral promontory
    • anterior and upper margins of sacrum bulge forward
  • sacral canal
    • contains 
      • anterior and posterior roots of lumbar, sacral and coccygeal spinal nerves
      • filum terminale
      • fibrofatty material
      • subarachnoid space to lower border second sacral vertebra
  • sacral hiatus
    • failure of fifth (and sometimes fourth) scaral lamina to meet in midline
  • posterior and anterior foramina (4 each side)
  • sacral cornua
    • two extensions of sarcral lamina at asacral hiatus
 

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