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Sodium Valproate
Indications
- Effective in all forms of Epilepsy,
especially absence seizures
Mechanism of action and pharmacology
- Uncertain
- Weak effect on GABA transaminase and on sodium channels
- 600mg per day
Adverse effects
- Generally less than other drugs
- liver toxicity
- especially under 3 years old
- usually involving multiple therapy
- hyperammonaemia
- blood disorders
- thrombocytopenia
- inhibition of platelet aggregation
- leucopenia
- pancytopenia
- red cell hypoplasia
- fibrinogen reduction
- pancreatitis
- gastric irritation
- Neurological
- ataxia
- tremor
- sedation
- increased alertness / aggressiveness / hyperactivity /behavioural
disturbance
- extrapyramidal symptoms
- dementia
- hearing loss
- Metabolic
- increased appetite / weight gain
- Hormonal
- transient hair loss
- irregular periods
- amenorrhoea
- gynaecomastia
- hirsutism
- acne
- oedema
- Fanconi's syndrome
- Dermatological
- Teratogenic
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