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Dilated Cardiomyopathy
- dilatation
- impaired function of left (+/- right) ventricle
Aetiology
- familial in 20%
- ? autoimmune
- 25-30% asymptomatic ventricular enlargement
Systemic diseases present with similar features
- cardiovascular
- Generalised
- Connective tissue disorders
- Neuromuscular disease
- Glycogen storage diseases
- Primary heart muscle disease
- Alcohol excess
- Cytotoxic drugs
- doxorubicin
- cyclophosphamide
Clinical Features
- Heart Failure
- cardiomegaly
- tachycardia
- ↑ JVP
- 3rd/4th heart sounds
- basal crackles
- mitral / tricuspid regurgitation
Investigations
- chest X-ray
- generalised cardiac enlargement
- ECG
- diffuse non-specific ST segment & T wave changes
- sinus tachycardia
- conduction abnormalities
- arrythmias
- atrial fibrillation
- ventricular premature contraction
- ventricular tachycardia
- echocardiogram
Treatment
- conventional treatment of
- as necessary
- prolonged bedrest
- avoidance of alcohol
- nutritional supplements
- metoprolol
- improves haemodynamic and clinical function
- growth hormone therapy
- cardiac transplantation
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