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Scalenus Anterior
Scalenus Medius
Scalenus Posterior
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Sternomastoid (accessory CN XI)
- arises from manubrium and medial part of clavicle
- inserts into mastoid process and superior nuchal line of occipital bone
- individually rotate head to opposite side
- together protract head
Trapezius (accessory CN XI)
- arises from external occipital protuberance, superior nuchal lines, nuchal ligament,
spines of thoracic vertebrae
- insert lateral third of clavicle, acrominon process, spine of scapula
- upper fibres raise scapula
- lower fibres rotate glenoid fossa upwards
Muscles of mastication (mandibular division of trgeminal CN V3)
- masseter
- arises from zygomatic arch
- inserts into angle of jaw
- closes jaw
- temporalis
- arises from temporal fossa and passes beneath zygomatic arch
- inserts into coronoid process and anterior borser
- closes jaw
- retracts mandible
- lateral pterygoid muscles
- arise from lateral pterygoid plate of sphenoid
- insert in neck of mandible and articular disc
- protract mandible
- medial pterygoid muscles
- medial aspect of lateral pterygoid plate of sphenoid
- insert into medial aspect of angle of mandible
- helps to close mouth
- digastric
- digastric fossa via intermediate tendon to hyoid
- raise floor of mouth and hyoid bone.
- anterior belly supplied by mandibular nerve
- mylohyoid
- mylohyoid lines of mandible to midline raphe between mandible and hyoid bone
- provide mobile floor to mouth
- raise hyoid bone
Facial Muscles (facial nerve CN VII)
- frontalis
- orbicularis oculi
- levator labii superioris
- levator anguli oris
- buccniator
- mentalis
- orbicularis ori
- depressor labii inferioris
- depressor anguli oris
- depressor septi
- dilator naris
- compressor naris
- zygomaticus major
- zygomaticus minor
- procerus
Pharyngeal Muscles
- superior constrictor
- middle constrictor
- inferior constrictor
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