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- key muscle in understanding root of neck
- deeply placed
- ascends almost vertically from vertebral column to first rib
Origin
- anterior tubercles of 3rd-6th cervical vertebrae
Insertion
- scalene tubercle on inner border first rib
- ridge on upper surface first rib
Nerve Supply
- anterior rami of 4th-6th cervical nerves
Action
- assists in elevating first rib
- laterally flexes and rotates cervical spine
Relations
- Anteriorly
- prevertebral layer of deep cervical fascia
- binds phrenic nerve to muscle
- superficial cervical artery
- suprascapular artery
- internal jugular vein
- subclavian vein
- Posteriorly
- subclavian artery
- brachial plexus
- cervical dome of pleura
- Medially
- vertebral artery and vein
- inferior thyroid artery
- thyrocervical trunk
- sympathetic trunk
- thoracic duct (on left side)
- Laterally
- union of roots of phrenic nerve
- at level of cricoid cartilage
- emerging laterally to enter posterior triangle
- roots of brachial plexus
- subclavian artery
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