Axillary Artery

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Brachial Artery
  • Arises from Subclavian Artery at lateral border of first rib
  • ends at lower border of teres major
  • remains closely related to cords of brachial plexus
  • enclosed with them in axillary sheath (continuous with prevertebral fascia)
  • three parts
    1. from lateral border first rib to upper border of pectoralis minor
    2. behind pectoralis minor
    3. lower border pectoralis minor to lower border teres major

Branches

  • From 1st Part
    • Highest thoracic artery
  • From 2nd Part
    • Thoracoacromial artery
    • Lateral thoracic artery
  • From 3rd part
    • subscapular artery
    • anterior circumflex humeral
    • poasterior circumflex humeral

Relations

First part

  • anteriorly
    • pectoralis major
    • covering fascia and skin
    • cephalic vein cross artery
  • posteriorly
    • long thoracic nerve
  • laterally
    • cords of brachial plexus
  • medially
    • axillary vein

Second Part

  • anteriorly
    • pectoralis minor
    • pectoralis major
    • fascia
    • skin
  • posteriorly
    • posterior cord of brachial plexus
    • subscapularis
    • shoulder joint
  • laterally
  • medially
    • medial cord of brachial plexus
    • axillary veins

Third Part

  • Anteriorly
    • pectoralis major
    • medial root of median nerve
  • Posteriorly
    • subscapularis
    • latissimus dorsi
    • teres major
    • axillary nerve
    • radial nerve
  • Laterally
    • coracobrachialis
    • biceps
    • humerus
    • lateral root of median nerve
    • musculocutaneous nerve
  • Medially
    • ulnar nerve
    • axillary vein
    • medial cutaneous nerve of arm
 

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