Pages Below:
| |
- hormones control flow of endogenous glucose, free fatty acids, amino
acids, etc.
- main tissues are liver, muscle and adipose tissue
- reciprocal arrangement of glucagon and insulin
concentrations
- cells of islets arise from common endoderm
- islets innervated by parasympathetic, sympathetic and peptidergic neurons
- normal plasma glucose level is 3-6 mMol/l
- Type I diabetes mellitus:
- insulin dependent
- selective b-cell destruction
- hepatic glucose production unlimited
- peripheral glucose use reduced
- glucose exceeds renal reabsorption capacity
- Type II diabetes mellitus
- impaired responsiveness to insulin
- raised glucose levels
- helped by sulphonyl urea drugs
14.5 ENDOCRINE PANCREAS — HORMONAL REGULATION OF METABOLIC SUBSTRATES
| development of islets of Langerhans |
|
| microscopic
structure of islets |
blood and nerve supply of islets |
| requirement of brain etc. for glucose |
|
| normal plasma glucose level; effects of hypo- and
hyperglycaemia; glucose tolerance test |
|
14.5.3 Dysfunction
| diabetes mellitus: type I and type II; insulinoma |
multiple endocrine neoplasia |
|