External Carotid Artery

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Superior Thyroid Artery
Asceding Pharyngeal Artery
Lingual Artery
Facial Artery
Occipital Artery
Posterior Auricular Artery
Superficial Temporal Artery
Maxillary Artery

  • one of terminal branches of common carotid artery
  • supplies 
    • neck, 
    • face
    • scalp
    • maxilla
    • tongue
  • begins at level of upper border of thyroid cartilage
  • at origin lies within carotid triangle
  • initially lies medial to internal carotid 
  • passes backwards and laterally
  • crossed by 
    • posterior belly of digastric
    • stylohyoid
  • terminates in substance of parotid gland by dividing into superficial temporal and maxillary arteries

Branches

Superior Thyroid Artery
Asceding Pharyngeal Artery
Lingual Artery
Facial Artery
Occipital Artery
Posterior Auricular Artery
Superficial Temporal Artery
Maxillary Artery

Relations

  • anterolaterally
    • anterior border of sternocleidomastoid
    • skin
    • superficial fascia
    • cervical branch of facial nerve
    • transverse cutaneous nerve
    • investing layer of deep cervical fascia
    • crossed by
      • hypoglossal nerve
      • facial and lingual veins
      • posterior belly of digastric
      • stylohyoid
      • facial nerve
        • within body of parotid
    • internal jugular lies 
      1. lateral
      2. posterior
  • Medially
    • wall of pharynx
    • styloid process
    • internal carotid artery
    • between internal and external carotid
      • stylopharyngeus
      • glossopharyngeal nerve
      • pharyngeal branch of vagus
 

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